Modern History MCQs – 1 (Arrival of Europeans in India)
February 19, 2023
Most important multiple choice questions from the chapter – Arrival of Europeans in India MCQs.
Modern History MCQs – 15 (Communal Award and Poona Pact)
Communal Award and Poona Pact MCQs with answers and explanations for UPSC and Other examinations.
Chapterwise MCQs
Short Notes
1. Consider the following statements about First Round Table Conference :
1. Ramsay MacDonald presided over it.
2. It was attended by a Congress delegation.
Which of the above statements is/are correct ?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 & 2
(d) None of the above
Correct Answer – (a) 1 only
- The Round Table Conferences (RTC) of 1930–1932 were a series of conferences organized by the British Government with the Indian political personalities to discuss constitutional reforms in India.
- Ramsay MacDonald presided over the all the Round Table Conference.
- The Indian National Congress decided not to participate in the first Round Table conference as many of the INC leaders were imprisoned due to their involvement in the civil disobedience movement.
- After the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, Congress participated in the second Round Table Conference solely represented by Gandhi.
- After the failure of the second round table conference, Gandhi relaunched the Civil Disobedience Movement.
- The Third Round Table Conference was also not attended by Congress.
2. Consider the following statements about Round Table Conferences :
1. Bhimrao Ambedkar attended the First Round Table Conference.
2. Gandhi attended the second Round Table Conference.
Which of the above statements is/are correct ?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 & 2
(d) None of the above
Correct Answer – (c) Both 1 & 2
- It is a point to be noted that Ambedkar and Tej Bahadur Sapru took part in all the three round table conferences.
- B.R Ambedkar was nominated by the British government to represent the Depressed Classes at the Round Table Conference.
- Mahatma Gandhi took part only in the Second Round Table Conference.
3. Which of the following leaders participated in the 2nd Round Table Conference ?
1. Mahatma Gandhi
2. Sarojini Naidu
3. Madan Mohan Malviya
4. Rajendra Prasad
Select correct answer using code given below :
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 1,2 and 3
(d) 1, 3 and 4
Correct Answer – (c) 1,2 and 3
- Mahatma Gandhi participated as the only official representative of Congress in the 2d Round Table Conference.
- Sarojini Naidu and Madan Mohan Malviya, B.R Ambedkar and Annie Besant also participated in this Conference.
4. Who among the following declared the Communal Award ?
(a) Ramsay MacDonald
(b) Queen Victoria
(c) Lord Canning
(d) Lord Minto
Correct Answer – (a) Ramsay MacDonald
- British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald announced the Communal Award on August 16, 1932, which provided for separate electorates for the ‘Depressed Classes’, the Muslims, the Europeans, the Sikhs, the Anglo-Indians and the Indian-based Christians.
- It is to be noted that the system of separate electorates was first time introduced by Morley-Minto Reforms of 1909.
- Under a separate electorates system, each community was allocated a number of seats in the legislatures and only members from those communities were eligible to vote to elect a representative of the same community to legislative assemblies.
5. Which among the following communities were not allocated separate electorates by the Communal Award ?
(a) Muslims
(b) Buddhists
(c) Depressed Classes
(d) Sikhs
Correct Answer – (b) Buddhists
- British Prime Minister Ramsay Macdonald announced the Communal Award on 16th August 1932 in which separate electorates were granted not only to Muslims but also to the depressed class, Christians, Sikhs and Anglo-Indian.
- Buddhists were not granted separate electorates.
6. Mahatma Gandhi undertook fast unto death in 1932, mainly due to which among the following reasons :
(a) Round Table Conference failed to satisfy Indian political aspirations
(b) Congress and Muslim League had difference of opinion
(c) Separate electorates for depressed class in the Communal Award
(d) Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev were executed
Correct Answer – (c) Separate electorates for depressed class in the Communal Award
- Mahatma Gandhi vigorously criticized the communal awards and considered it as a tool to divide Indian society.
- To protest against the Communal Award, he went on a fast unto death in the Yerawada jail on 20 September 1932.
7. The Poona Pact (1932) was an agreement signed between who among the following ?
(a) Nehru and Ambedkar
(b) Gandhi and Ambedkar
(c) Malaviya and Ambedkar
(d) Gandhi and Nehru
Correct Answer – (b) Gandhi and Ambedkar
- The Poona Pact was an agreement between Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi which was signed on September 24, 1932.
- The background to the Poona Pact was the Communal Award of August 1932 which provided a separate electorate for depressed classes.
- Mahatma Gandhi was bitterly opposed to the communal award however Ambedkar was initially in the favor of the award.
- After the series of negotiations both Gandhiji and Ambedkar agreed to a solution called Poona Pact where they agreed to withdraw the system of separate electorate for depressed classes and agreed for a joint electorate.
8. Consider the following statements about ‘Harijan Sewak Sangh’ :
1. It was founded by Bhimrao Ambedkar.
2. Ghanshyam Das Birla became the first President of Harijan Sevak Sangh.
Which of the above statements is/are correct ?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 & 2
(d) None of the above
Correct Answer – (b) 2 only
- Harijan Sewak Sangh was founded by Mahatma Gandhi in 1932.
- It was an independent national-level voluntary Organization, also known as the All India Anti-Untouchability League.
- It was established to combat untouchability and uplift the Harijans(Depressed Class or Dalits) in the society.
- Ghanshyam Das Birla became the first President of Harijan Sevak Sangh.
9. ‘Harijan’ magazine was started by who among the following ?
(a) Jai Prakash Narayan
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) B.R Ambedkar
(d) M.N. Roy
Correct Answer – (b) Mahatma Gandhi
- ‘Harijan’ literally stands for “Children of God” and Mahatma Gandhi gave this name to untouchables or depressed classes.
- Mahatma Gandhi also started a weekly paper called ‘Harijan’ in 1933.
- It was launched to promote the fight against untouchability.
10. Congress Socialist Party was formed by who among the following ?
(a) Acharya Narendra Dev & Jai Prakash Narayan
(b) Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi & Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Pattam Thanu Pillai & Ghanshyam Das Birla
(d) M.N. Roy & Subhash Chandra Bose
Correct Answer – (a) Acharya Narendra Dev & Jai Prakash Narayan
- The Congress Socialist Party was founded in 1934 as a socialist group within the Indian National Congress.
- It was formed by Acharya Narendra Dev, Jai Prakash Narayan and Minoo Masani in October 1934.
- The CSP believed in Marxist Ideas and advocated decentralized socialism.
- It is important to note that Nehru and Bose despite being socialists never joined CSP.
11. Subhash Chandra Bose was elected as President of Indian National Congress for the first time in which among the following sessions ?
(a) Haripura Session
(b) Madras Session
(c) Tripuri Session
(d) Calcutta Session
Correct Answer – (a) Haripura Session
- Subhash Chandra Bose was elected as President of Indian National Congress for the first time in the Haripura Session of Congress in 1938.
- In this session, S.C. Bose was elected as president unopposed.
- He was reelected as president in the Tripuri Session in 1939 by defeating Pattabhi Sitaramayya who was also supported by Gandhi.
- However, later due to the dispute between Gandhi and Bose, Bose resigned, and Dr. Rajendra Prasad became President.
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